How to Build Multiple Executables with Similar Rules Using GNU Make?
Oct 28, 2024 pm 02:56 PMBuilding Multiple Executables with Similar Rules Using GNU Make
While Scons is a capable build tool, implementing the desired functionality can be challenging. A more straightforward approach is to utilize GNU Make, which allows for easy building and cleaning from both top-level and individual project directories.
Makefile Setup
The provided makefiles enable building and cleaning from both the all_lessons directory and individual project directories. Each project's executable is named after its directory.
Project Structure
To achieve this, you will need to set up a project structure similar to the example provided:
all_lessons/ helloworld/ lesson.cpp main.cpp even_or_odd/ lesson.cpp main.cpp calculator/ lesson.cpp user_created_add.cpp main.cpp
Makefile Contents
project.mk
all : % : forward_ # build any target by forwarding to the main makefile $(MAKE) -C .. project_dirs=$(notdir ${CURDIR}) $@ .PHONY : forward_
Makefile
# project configuration project_dirs := $(shell find * -maxdepth 0 -type d ) exes := $(foreach dir,${project_dirs},${dir}/${dir}) all : ${exes} # rules .SECONDEXPANSION: objects = $(patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(wildcard $(dir )*.cpp)) # link ${exes} : % : $$(call objects,$$*) Makefile g++ -o $@ $(filter-out Makefile,$^) ${LDFLAGS} ${LDLIBS} # compile .o and generate dependencies %.o : %.cpp Makefile g++ -c -o $@ -Wall -Wextra ${CPPFLAGS} ${CXXFLAGS} -MD -MP -MF ${@:.o=.d} $< .PHONY: clean clean : rm -f $(foreach exe,${exes},$(call objects,${exe})) $(foreach dir,${project_dirs},$(wildcard ${dir}/*.d)) ${exes} # include dependency files -include $(foreach dir,${project_dirs},$(wildcard ${dir}/*.d))
Usage
Building from Individual Project Directories
[project_directory]$ ln -s ../project.mk Makefile # create a symlink [project_directory]$ make
Building from the Top-Level Directory
[all_lessons]$ make
Cleaning Individual Project Directories
[project_directory]$ cd .. [all_lessons]$ make clean
Cleaning All Projects
[all_lessons]$ make clean
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