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How to synchronize random number generation in Golang parallel processing?
How to synchronize random number generation in Golang parallel processing?
Jun 03, 2024 pm 02:53 PM
Synchronized random number generation in Go concurrent programming: Use a mutex (sync.Mutex) to control access to the rand.Rand random number generator. Each goroutine acquires the mutex before generating a random number and releases the mutex after generating it. This ensures that only one goroutine can access the random number generator at a time, eliminating data races.
How to synchronize random number generation in Golang parallel processing?
In Go concurrent programming, it is sometimes necessary to generate random numbers across multiple goroutines. If synchronization is not taken care of, this can lead to race conditions and unpredictable behavior.
Parallel random number generation
Go provides a math/rand package to generate pseudo-random numbers. By default, it operates in a non-concurrency-safe manner. This means that if the same rand.Rand instance is accessed concurrently, data races and indeterminate results will occur.
Synchronization using mutex
To synchronize random number generation in parallel processing, you can use a mutex (sync.Mutex). A mutex allows only one goroutine to access the critical section at a time (in this case, the rand.Rand instance).
The following code demonstrates how to use a mutex lock to synchronize random number generation:
package main
import (
"math/rand"
"sync"
)
var (
// 全局互斥鎖
randomLock sync.Mutex
// 全局隨機數(shù)生成器
randomGen *rand.Rand
)
func init() {
// 在程序啟動時初始化隨機數(shù)生成器
// 并設(shè)置隨機種子
randomGen = rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano()))
}
func main() {
// 創(chuàng)建一個等待組來跟蹤 goroutine
var wg sync.WaitGroup
// 啟動 10 個 goroutine 生成 10 個隨機數(shù)
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
wg.Add(1)
go func(i int) {
// 使用互斥鎖保護隨機數(shù)生成
randomLock.Lock()
value := randomGen.Intn(100)
randomLock.Unlock()
// 打印生成的隨機數(shù)
fmt.Printf("Goroutine %d: %d\n", i, value)
wg.Done()
}(i)
}
// 等待所有 goroutine 完成
wg.Wait()
}In this method, a global randomLock mutex is used to protect the pairrandomGen Access to the random number generator. Each goroutine acquires the mutex before generating a random number and releases the mutex after generating it. This ensures that only one goroutine has access to the random number generator at a time, eliminating data races.
In this way, random numbers can be generated safely and reliably in parallel processing.
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