php字符串處理之全角半角轉(zhuǎn)換，php字符串全角半角
Jun 13, 2016 am 08:45 AM
php字符串處理之全角半角轉(zhuǎn)換，php字符串全角半角
半角全角的處理是字符串處理的常見問題，本文嘗試為大家提供一個思路。
一、概念
全角字符unicode編碼從65281~65374 （十六進(jìn)制 0xFF01 ~ 0xFF5E）
半角字符unicode編碼從33~126 （十六進(jìn)制 0x21~ 0x7E）
空格比較特殊,全角為 12288（0x3000）,半角為 32 （0x20）
而且除空格外,全角/半角按unicode編碼排序在順序上是對應(yīng)的
所以可以直接通過用+-法來處理非空格數(shù)據(jù),對空格單獨(dú)處理
二、實(shí)現(xiàn)思路
1. 找到目標(biāo)unicode的字符，可以使用正則表達(dá)式解決
2. 修改unicode編碼
三、實(shí)現(xiàn)
1. 首先是兩個unicode與字符的轉(zhuǎn)換函數(shù)：
<span> 1</span> <span>/*</span><span>*
</span><span> 2</span> <span> * 將unicode轉(zhuǎn)換成字符
</span><span> 3</span> <span> * @param int $unicode
</span><span> 4</span> <span> * @return string UTF-8字符
</span><span> 5</span> <span> *</span><span>*/</span>
<span> 6</span> <span>function</span> unicode2Char(<span>$unicode</span><span>){
</span><span> 7</span> <span>if</span>(<span>$unicode</span> < 128) <span>return</span> <span>chr</span>(<span>$unicode</span><span>);
</span><span> 8</span> <span>if</span>(<span>$unicode</span> < 2048) <span>return</span> <span>chr</span>((<span>$unicode</span> >> 6) + 192) .
<span> 9</span> <span>chr</span>((<span>$unicode</span> & 63) + 128<span>);
</span><span>10</span> <span>if</span>(<span>$unicode</span> < 65536) <span>return</span> <span>chr</span>((<span>$unicode</span> >> 12) + 224) .
<span>11</span> <span>chr</span>(((<span>$unicode</span> >> 6) & 63) + 128) .
<span>12</span> <span>chr</span>((<span>$unicode</span> & 63) + 128<span>);
</span><span>13</span> <span>if</span>(<span>$unicode</span> < 2097152) <span>return</span> <span>chr</span>((<span>$unicode</span> >> 18) + 240) .
<span>14</span> <span>chr</span>(((<span>$unicode</span> >> 12) & 63) + 128) .
<span>15</span> <span>chr</span>(((<span>$unicode</span> >> 6) & 63) + 128) .
<span>16</span> <span>chr</span>((<span>$unicode</span> & 63) + 128<span>);
</span><span>17</span> <span>return</span> <span>false</span><span>;
</span><span>18</span> <span> }
</span><span>19</span>
<span>20</span> <span>/*</span><span>*
</span><span>21</span> <span> * 將字符轉(zhuǎn)換成unicode
</span><span>22</span> <span> * @param string $char 必須是UTF-8字符
</span><span>23</span> <span> * @return int
</span><span>24</span> <span> *</span><span>*/</span>
<span>25</span> <span>function</span> char2Unicode(<span>$char</span><span>){
</span><span>26</span> <span>switch</span> (<span>strlen</span>(<span>$char</span><span>)){
</span><span>27</span> <span>case</span> 1 : <span>return</span> <span>ord</span>(<span>$char</span><span>);
</span><span>28</span> <span>case</span> 2 : <span>return</span> (<span>ord</span>(<span>$char</span>{1}) & 63) |
<span>29</span> ((<span>ord</span>(<span>$char</span>{0}) & 31) << 6<span>);
</span><span>30</span> <span>case</span> 3 : <span>return</span> (<span>ord</span>(<span>$char</span>{2}) & 63) |
<span>31</span> ((<span>ord</span>(<span>$char</span>{1}) & 63) << 6) |
<span>32</span> ((<span>ord</span>(<span>$char</span>{0}) & 15) << 12<span>);
</span><span>33</span> <span>case</span> 4 : <span>return</span> (<span>ord</span>(<span>$char</span>{3}) & 63) |
<span>34</span> ((<span>ord</span>(<span>$char</span>{2}) & 63) << 6) |
<span>35</span> ((<span>ord</span>(<span>$char</span>{1}) & 63) << 12) |
<span>36</span> ((<span>ord</span>(<span>$char</span>{0}) & 7) << 18<span>);
</span><span>37</span> <span>default</span> :
<span>38</span> <span>trigger_error</span>('Character is not UTF-8!', <span>E_USER_WARNING</span><span>);
</span><span>39</span> <span>return</span> <span>false</span><span>;
</span><span>40</span> <span> }
</span><span>41</span> }
2. 全角轉(zhuǎn)半角
<span> 1</span> <span>/*</span><span>*
</span><span> 2</span> <span> * 全角轉(zhuǎn)半角
</span><span> 3</span> <span> * @param string $str
</span><span> 4</span> <span> * @return string
</span><span> 5</span> <span> *</span><span>*/</span>
<span> 6</span> <span>function</span> sbc2Dbc(<span>$str</span><span>){
</span><span> 7</span> <span>return</span> <span>preg_replace</span><span>(
</span><span> 8</span> <span>//</span><span> 全角字符 </span>
<span> 9</span> '/[\x{3000}\x{ff01}-\x{ff5f}]/ue',
<span>10</span> <span>//</span><span> 編碼轉(zhuǎn)換
</span><span>11</span> <span> // 0x3000是空格，特殊處理，其他全角字符編碼-0xfee0即可以轉(zhuǎn)為半角</span>
<span>12</span> '($unicode=char2Unicode(\'\0\')) == 0x3000 ? " " : (($code=$unicode-0xfee0) > 256 ? unicode2Char($code) : chr($code))',
<span>13</span> <span>$str</span>
<span>14</span> <span> );
</span><span>15</span> }
3. 半角轉(zhuǎn)全角
<span> 1</span> <span>/*</span><span>*
</span><span> 2</span> <span> * 半角轉(zhuǎn)全角
</span><span> 3</span> <span> * @param string $str
</span><span> 4</span> <span> * @return string
</span><span> 5</span> <span> *</span><span>*/</span>
<span> 6</span> <span>function</span> dbc2Sbc(<span>$str</span><span>){</span>
<span> 7</span> <span>return</span> <span>preg_replace</span><span>(
</span><span> 8</span> <span>//</span><span> 半角字符 </span>
<span> 9</span> '/[\x{0020}\x{0020}-\x{7e}]/ue',
<span>10</span> <span>//</span><span> 編碼轉(zhuǎn)換
</span><span>11</span> <span> // 0x0020是空格，特殊處理，其他半角字符編碼+0xfee0即可以轉(zhuǎn)為全角</span>
<span>12</span> '($unicode=char2Unicode(\'\0\')) == 0x0020 ? unicode2Char（0x3000） : (($code=$unicode+0xfee0) > 256 ? unicode2Char($code) : chr($code))',
<span>13</span> <span>$str</span>
<span>14</span> <span> );
</span><span>15</span> }
四、測試
示例代碼：
<span>1</span> <span>$a</span> = 'abc12 345'<span>; </span><span>2</span> <span>$sbc</span> = dbc2Sbc(<span>$a</span><span>); </span><span>3</span> <span>$dbc</span> = sbc2Dbc(<span>$sbc</span><span>); </span><span>4</span> <span>5</span> <span>var_dump</span>(<span>$a</span>, <span>$sbc</span>, <span>$dbc</span>);
結(jié)果：
<span>1</span> <span>string</span>(9) "abc12 345" <span>2</span> <span>string</span>(27) "ａｂｃ１２?。常矗?quot; <span>3</span> <span>string</span>(9) "abc12 345"
?
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