Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫維護中的前瞻性
Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:54 PMOracle數(shù)據(jù)庫設計者們也一直在往這個方向努力。如在10G以后的數(shù)據(jù)庫版本中,就有了一個自動工作負荷儲存庫的功能,來幫助數(shù)據(jù)庫管
數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員必須自始自終都密切關注可能會對他們所管理的各個系統(tǒng)的可用性或者性能有負面影響的潛在數(shù)據(jù)庫問題。通常情況下,可以把數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員監(jiān)視、維護系統(tǒng)的方式分為兩種,分別為反應性監(jiān)視與前瞻性監(jiān)視。
如上圖所示,反應性監(jiān)視是指在已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)一個性能或者管理問題后再對數(shù)據(jù)庫進行監(jiān)視。例如有員工向數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員反應應用系統(tǒng)的速度比較慢。數(shù)據(jù)庫管員跟其他技術人員共同會診后發(fā)現(xiàn)是由于數(shù)據(jù)庫的原因所造成的。此時數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員就需要使用相關的工具來收集數(shù)據(jù)庫的運行數(shù)據(jù),以查明問題發(fā)生的原因。雖然這最終也可以順利把問題解決,但是這畢竟與優(yōu)秀數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員心中的期望還有一點距離。因此反應性監(jiān)視有點像放馬后炮的感覺。問題已經(jīng)出現(xiàn),即使數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員能夠在最短時間內(nèi)查明原因、解決問題,但是畢竟對于用戶產(chǎn)生了一些不利的影響。故數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員希望能夠在故障發(fā)生之前就能夠了解導致這個故障發(fā)生的原因,并及時采取有效措施預防這種故障的最終發(fā)生。這就使數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員所期待的前瞻性監(jiān)視。
前瞻性監(jiān)視可以讓數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員在問題出現(xiàn)之前、期間或者之后查處并響應數(shù)據(jù)庫常見的性能與管理問題。簡單的說,在某一個數(shù)據(jù)庫故障發(fā)生之前,都會有一些征兆。這就好像一些自然災害發(fā)生時,,像螞蟻、燕子等等都會有一些異常的反應。數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員有必要了解這些征兆。如此的話,我們才能夠把這些問題消除來萌芽狀態(tài),防止問題的擴大。
Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫設計者們也一直在往這個方向努力。如在10G以后的數(shù)據(jù)庫版本中,就有了一個自動工作負荷儲存庫的功能,來幫助數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員收集在數(shù)據(jù)庫運行中的異常數(shù)據(jù)。通過這些數(shù)據(jù)的幫助,數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員可以搶在數(shù)據(jù)庫故障發(fā)生之前把問題解決了。

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